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Paleolithic and Mesolithic of Croatia present state of investigations

On many quaternary sites in Croatia the cultural and skeletal remains of men have been found in the strata from Early Pleistocene, interglacial Riss/Wurm, and the Last Glacial to the Holocene. Šandalja I has provided evidence for human existence during the Early Pleistocene. Until now, in the Middle Pleistocene, cultural and skeletal remains have not been discovered. Upper Pleistocene, Early Postglacial and Holocene localities are rich with human skeletal remains, and with the corresponding material culture as well as faunal communities. They have been discovered so far on numerous sites, among which the most important are Krapina, Vindija, Velika pećina, Veternica, Šandalja II, Romualdova pećina, Vergotinova pećina, and Cerovačke pećine. Among the investigated localities, the caves are prevailing due to the geomorphology of Croatia. Many of the sites have yielded archaeological and paleontological assemblages from different Upper Pleistocene time sequences and are presented separately. Because a data base collected from published literature show a lack of pallynological and radiometric information’s, a majority of the assemblages (faunal and/or archaeological) has been grouped chronologically primarily on the basis of archaeological or faunal remains into four periods: Middle Paleolithic (MP), Early Upper Paleolithic (EUP), Late Upper Paleolithic (LUP) and Mesolithic (MES).

Paleolithic; Mesolithic; Croatia

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