engleski

Diocletian's Palace

The disposition of the buildings of Diocletian’ s residence, after a century of excavations, became clear at least at ground plan level. The distribution of the areas of the substruction and the first floor on the whole overlap, with the exception of a small part of the western wing of the palace. And although in this field archaeology has made a considerable contribution to the understanding of the building, it is still not possible to determine with any degree of certainty the functions of individual parts. What is clear from the ground plan is that the imperial residence had two foci, it was divided into an eastern and a western part. In the centre of the wings there were markedly monumental ceremonial buildings. The name of that in the east was preserved in the medieval documents, because a whole city neighbourhood was named after it. The building was named in a 14th century document sinagoga sdorium vocatum cum capellis. This is an architecturally specifically formed building of central form with three chapels, the ground plan of which recalls the trichorae of Antique villas and royal residences that apart from the utilitarian had a ceremonial function as well The names of the parts of the imperial palaces are on the whole known from the Patristic writings in which the heavenly palace was described. All of them derived from the individual functions of the palace, the proaulium, salutatorium, consistorium, zetas hiemales, zetas aestivales, epicaustorium, thermas, gyimnasia, qoquinam, colymbos and hippodromum and excluding the tricorium, which described the form of a building.90 The trichora had been a sign of regal dignity since the time of the Principate and became a component part of the imperial residences in the period of Late Antiquity. The Split triclinium was not a direct quotation of the trichora, it was a central octagonal hall surrounded on three sides with rooms, and on the southern side with a large portico that spread from the very centre of the hall. It took over the architectural organisation structure that Hadrian’ s teatro maritimo had, a lone island in the palace surrounded by a portico that was inaccessible. Its function was ceremonial, and it can be considered that this was also true of the triclinium triumphale of Diocletian’ s Palace in Split, one of the two imperial halls.

Diocletian's Palace, Split, Tetrarchy

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