engleski

IN VITRO ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE INHIBITORY ACTIVITY BY SELECTED SPICE ESSENTIAL OILS

Alzheimer´s disease (AD) is a degenerative neurological disorder characterized by senile plaques containing amyloid ß protein and loss of cholinergic neuromediators in the brain. The most remarkable biochemical change in AD patients is reduction of acetylcholine (ACh) level in hippocampus and cortex in the brain. Therefore, inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AChE), the enzyme responsible for hydrolysis of ACh at the cholinergic synapse, is currently the most established approach to treat AD. There are a few synthetic medicines, e.g. tacrine, donepezil, and the natural based-products rivastigmine and eserine for treatment of cognitive dysfunction and memory loss associated with AD. These compounds have been reported to have adverse effects including gastrointestinal disturbances and problems associated with bioavailability, which reinforces the interest in finding better AChE inhibitors from natural resources. In this study, we have tested acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitory activities of eleven essential oils from spices frequently used in Mediterranean cuisine. Obtained results have compared with those for eserine. Based on their AChE inhibitory capacity, eleven spice essential oils can be sorted in descending order: Sage (Salvia officinalis L.) > Rock Samphire (Crithmum maritimum L.) > Laurel (Laurus nobilis L.) > Lavender (Lavandula officinalis L.) > Basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) > Clove (Syzygium aromaticum L.) > Nutmeg (Myristica fragrans Houtt.) > Cinnamon (Cinnamomum zeylanicum Nees) ) > Mentha (Mentha piperita L.) > Coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) > Marjoram (Marjorana hortensis Moench.).

Alzheimer; degenerative; activity; acetylcholinesterase; ihibition; spice herbs; essential oils

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