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4-Hydroxynonenal in human and animal chronic liver diseases

The aldehyde 4-hydroxynonenal (HNE), peroxidation product of polyunsaturated fatty acids is considered the most reliable indicator of endogenous lipid peroxidation in vivo (1). Lipid peroxidation is an autocatalytic mechanism leading to oxidative destruction of cellular membranes. Oxidative stress is epiphenomenon of hepatitis and pathogenic factor of liver cirrhosis, while HNE acts as growth regulating factor and signaling molecules (2). The aim of present study was to investigate the presence of HNE-modified proteins in human and in animal cirrhotic liver by immunohistochemistry. 30 fixed paraffin-embedded liver samples with cirrhosis were retrospectively selected for the study. There were 4 cases of cardiac liver cirrhosis in dogs, and 30 cases of various human chronic liver diseases in stage of cirrhosis. There were 15 cases of chronic hepatitis C and B, 4 cases of hemochromatosis, 4 cases of Wilson's disease and 3 cases of alcoholic cirrhosis. Slides of paraffin-embedded tumor tissue were prepared for immunohistochemistry with monoclonal antibodies to HNE-histidine conjugate. Positive immunohistochemical reaction to HNE was analyzed semi-quantitatively. Intracellular HNE adduct localized in the cytoplasm of hepatocytes was detected respectively in 25 of 30 cases (83%).The strongest staining was noticed in cases of Wilson’s disease, hemochromatosis, alcoholic liver diseases and cardiac liver cirrhosis in dogs. Weak staining was observed in cases of chronic hepatitis C and B. The results of the study indicate that HNE can be detected in several chronic human and in animal liver diseases. Therefore, detection of lipid peroxidation could be used in predicting development of fibrosis and cirrhosis in chronic liver diseases.

chronic liver diseases; humans; animals; 4-hydroxynonenal

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