engleski

Cytochrome P450 Enzymes (CYP ENZYMES): Role in Toxic Effects of Xenobiotics

The catalytic activity of cytochrome P450 enzymes (CYP enzymes) can cause change in the biological properties of chemical substances – substrates in terms of reducing their unwanted or toxic actions, or biological activation into toxic products and intermediates. The products and intermediates produced by the reactions of biotransformation in the liver or some other organ or tissue differ in chemical structure from the original substance, while structural changes also result in different physicochemical and biological properties. Thus, the biotransformations that lead to the formation of toxic products are parts of the overall metabolic activity of the cells of every organ or tissue. Paracetamol, an analgesic, and ethanol, a widely used substance exemplify the activities of CYP enzymes that can result in toxic effects. The possible toxic effects of chemical substances on the fetal/embryonic and placental tissues, related to the CYP enzyme activity, are also discussed.

CYP enzymes; Cytochrome P450; toxicity; chemicals; drugs

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