engleski

The Concept of Bioethics Institutionalization in EU

Research background: Historically, bioethics has first been mentioned in Europe in the article Jahr, Fritz: Bio-Ethik: Eine Umschau über die ethischen Beziehungen des Menschem zu Tier und Pflanze, Kosmos, 24 (1927), 2-4. From then on to this day the foundation and development of bioethics in Europe is characterized by the establishment of bioethical committees, while in the past few years evident is the process of the appearance of other forms of bioethics institutionalization. The scientific-technological progress in biomedicine and healthcare has caused consequences which on European ground became the trigger for the integration of bioethics perspectives within scientific ethical reflexion and practical resolving of dilemmas in conflict situations. Purpose of research: Research of the issue of process of bioethics institutionalization has a purpose to: 1. determine and survey particularities of different levels of institutionalization in the pattern included European states and the EU as a community of different national identities ; 2. present that bioethics institutionalization has its main point of support in the conceptualization of a specific content which is recognized in the complex process of structuring bioethics in the adequate institutional forms and different normative and organizational levels. Initial hypothesis: Research of bioethics contents in different circumstances of their appearance will result with cognition, in other words with the understanding of the extent of the social and cultural context reflected in Europe both in contents themselves and in forms of their institutionalization. Methods of Research: 1. sampling method (the sample included three European countries (Denmark - The Danish Council of Ethics ; Germany - The German National Ethics Council ; Portugal - The National Council of Ethics for the Life Sciences, and the European Union level - The European Group on Ethics in Science and New Technologies) ; 2. content analysis method was used to determine the representation of bioethical perspectives in fundamental documents of the listed institutions ; 3. comparative method discerned similarities and differences contained within the perspectives of the listed institutions and their fundamental documents. Results: The research confirmed: 1. pluriperspectivity as a European-specific approach to bioethics ; 2. the orientation of European bioethics to the Euro-Continental philosophical thought ; 3. the culturally conditioned bioethical institutionalization in countries included in the sample and European Union.

bioethics institutionalization; Europen Union

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