engleski

FISH: the most powerful cytogenetical tool at the end of century

Thirty years have passed since the first description of the in situ hybridization technique had been published. It took 10 to 15 years to establish non-radioactive variants of the method and to open up its wide applications in molecular cytogenetics and pathology, both for basic and clinically applied researches. Fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) is used to microscopically visualize one or more specific genes or sequences within the whole genome. DNA sequences as small as 1000 base pairs (bp) can be detected on metaphase chromosomes or within interphase nuclei. In this way topological or positional information about the sequence of interest could be obtained. Over the last 6 years numerous advances have been made in the fluorescence in situ hybridization field. Different requirements in clinical cytogenetics have lead to development of different approaches in in situ detection and therefore to introduction of different FISH techniques. The most commonly used FISH methods are general DNA-FISH, comparative genomic hybridization (CGH), multicolour-FISH (M-FISH), fiber-FISH, and RNA-FISH.

FISH; DNA-FISH; CGH; multicolour-FISH; fiber-FISH; RNA-FISH

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