engleski

Occurrence of phytopathogenic fungi on some endemic and protected plants in natural ecosystems of Croatia

Phytopathogenic fungi cause various mycoses on cultivated plant species in agroecosystems, but also on native wildlife plant species in natural ecosystems. Occurrence of these phytopathogenic fungi on native plants in natural ecosystems is not investigated well enough. Indigenous croatian flora is rich in endemic plant species (326 taxa) and protected plant species (1140 taxa). Some of these plant species have decorative characteristics with market-potential, which could lead to their introduction in horticulture. Cultivation of such plant species could represent a manner of their protection from extinction because of their endangerment in natural ecosystems. All of these plant species are attacked by various pathogens, among which phytopathogenic fungi are the most frequent. During 2007 the occurrence of symptoms of mycoses on endemic and protected plant species from genera Iris (I. pseudopallida, I. adriatica, I. illyrica and I. croatica), Cyclamen (C. hederifolium), Campanula (C. portenschlagiana), Ruscus (R. hypoglossum), Asphodelus (A. aestivus), Daphne (D. cneorum, D. mezereum), Daphne (E. dens canis) and others was monitored. Samples of symptomatic plant material were taken for the purpose of fungal determination. Fungi from symptomatic plant tissues were isolated in pure culture or analysed in situ if obligate phytopathogenic fungi were detected. Mycological analysis revealed a number of fungal species, most of which are reported for the first time in Croatia (Septoria cyclaminis, Cladosporium iridis, Puccinia iridis, Paraphaeosphaeria rusci, Uromyces erythronii, etc.). As most of the plant species from the present study are easy to propagate and could be used in horticulture, knowledge of fungal diseases which occur on them in natural ecosystems is useful as the first step in disease management development during their eventual cultivation

Phytopathogenic fungi; endemic plants; protected plants; mycoses

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