engleski

Nutrigenetics and colon cancer

Colon cancer is the third most common type of cancer and the second leading cause of cancer-realated death in the Western world. Many epidemiological studies have shown that lifestyle and intake of various food components influence the colon carcinogenesis. Novel concepts such as nutrigenomics and nutrigenetics which study the interaction between diet and genes with common goal to optimize health through personalization of diet, provide approaches to elucidate the complex relationship between nutrients and genetic polymorphisms involved in various diseases like colon cancer. Nutrigenetics of colon cancer is based on the correlation between folate metabolism and polymorphisms in the genes encoding crucial enzymes in the folate metabolism pathway in individuals. Folate pathway influences abberant pyrimidine and purine synthesis as well as the global DNA hypomethylation and hypermethylation of tumor supressor genes such as APC, hMLH1, p16 and E-cadherin in colon cancer. In addition, polymorphisms in the MTHFR, TYMS, MTR, MTRR, RFC, DHFR and other genes involved in the folate pathway have been shown influence the colon carcinogenesis. The central role of folate pathway in the cell has made it a target for a variety of chemotherapeutics. Polymorphisms in the genes encoding crucial enzymes in the folate pathway might have a crucial role in the the pharmacogenetics and nutrigenetics of colon cancer.

nutrigenetics ; colon cancer

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