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Pneumococcal Associated Haemolytic Uremic Syndrome Following Invasive Pneumococcal Disease In The 2-Year-Old Girl

The haemolytic uremic syndrome is caracterized by microangiopathic haemolytic anaemia, thrombocytopenia and acute renal failure and is the most common in children under the age of 4. The etiology can be associated with some infectious agents like Streptococcus pneumoniae. We review the case of a 2-year-old girl presenting with invasive pneumococcal disease followed by haemolytic uremic syndrome. The onset of clinical manifestation of haemolytic uremic syndrome was preceded by un upper respiratory tract infection. The physical finding was extremely bad condition with the pallor. She was adinamic, confused, dispnoic, dehydrated with peripheral circulatory failure. Tubular breath sounds with moist rales on the both side of the lung were registered as well as liver and spleen enlargement. Presenting clinical and laboratory data we confirmed that in our case, following the invasive pneumococcal disease (pleuropneumonia, sepsis and septic sock) Streptococcus pneumoniae was the trigger of HUS. High doses of corticosteroids, fresh frosen plasma, antibiotics, and intravenous immunoglobulins were a successful treatment.

haemolytic uremic syndrome; invasive pneumococcal disease; child

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