engleski

Investigation Vertical Water Balance Alluvium of the River Drava

It is known that through the aeration zone of the soil there is a constant exchange of water between the free of groundwater and the atmosphere. This exchange manifests itself through three basic hydrological processes: 1. Precipitation 2. Infiltration 3. Evaporation All three processes are of fundamental importance for the feeding of ground waters. It is therefore essential for a good utilization of ground waters that we are well acquainted with the physics of these processes, with their volume in certain time-intervals, as well as with their comparative relations in different part of the year. Groundwater losses are the result of evaporation (evapotranspiration) and the ground water is renewed through effective infiltration of the precipitate in a certain area. As a rule, evapotranspiration and infiltration are the main factors of the hydrological water balance of an area. For the total water balance of a time-span such as a whole season, a month or an even shorter period, these vertical groundwater-balance factors are far more important as feeding elements of the ground waters than the horizontal factors. The analysis of the interaction of the vertical components in the processes of the flowing of the water through a porous ground a section between the atmosphere and the groundwater level has shown that the losses of the water due to actual evapotranspiration take a specially important place among all other hydrological processes. A most thorough understanding of hydrological processes and of the natural laws of the flow of the water from the underground into atmosphere and the other way around is possible on through direct measuring in special station equipped with a lysimeter and infiltrometer, with meteorological equipment. The paper present results of 14-year (1989-2002) research on the described measuring station Varkom – Varaždin.

Recharge; Infiltrometer; Infiltration; Evapotranspiration; Hydrologic system; Water balance; Research

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