engleski

Diet optimization for overweight cardiovascular patients by Simplex algorithm

Improving diet is a critical component for cardiovascular disease risk reduction in all around world strategies. Specific goals in this paper was to design diet rich in vegetables and fruits, whole grains, high fiber food, fish with minimum salt, fat (especially reduced amounts of saturated fatty acids) and cholesterol. Model was based on generally available food and beverages in Croatia. Diet optimization was done for overweight cardiovascular patients with body mass index (BMI) over 25 kg/m2 by using Simplex algorithm. Model was developed for determination of minimum objective function value (minimum price) and meals content in accordance with Dietary Reference Intake for set of nutrients. Constraints in the model were ensured nutrients adequacy and diet palatability during seven days and can be used for designing diet for any other group of patients with restricted diet. Optimized diet provided from 1500 to 1800 kcal/day. Total fats contributed less than 30% of total energy intake per day while cholesterol intake was less than 300 mg/day. Mean daily intake of some vitamins and minerals was less than recommended because of reduced energy intake for targeted patients and can be compensated with fresh fruit and vegetables. Weekly intake that was proposed in this paper was not influenced by seasonal variations.

optimized diet; cardiovascular patients; Simplex algorithm

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