engleski

Bismuth is low in the hair and blood of depressed subjects

The role trace elements (TE) in human depression (D) is poorly understood. In this prospective double-blind exploratory study we examined the bismuth in the hair and whole blood (WB) of D and healthy subjects ©. Forty-eight D (15 men and 33 women) and 48 apparently healthy C (23 men and 25 women) subjects, 23-92 years old, were studied. Clinical depression was diagnosed according to the DSM-IV clinical criteria by a board certified MD specialized in psychiatry. The study was conducted by strict adherence to the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki, and approved by the IMI Ethical Committee. Hair and WB bismuth were analysed by the inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry the Center for Biotic Medicine, Moscow, Russia. The median difference of > 30% between C and D subjects was considered significant. The hair median values (mg/kg) were 0.040 vs. 0.022, and that for WB were 0.000603 vs. 0.000424 for C and D subjects, respectively. Thus, the bismuth levels are higher in both hair and WB of C than D subjects ; about fifty times more bismuth got deposited into the hair than in WB. Women tend to have almost two times more bismuth in their hair than men, whereas bismuth was two times higher in the hair of the control vs. depressed subjects. In our study of multielement profile of depression only selenium has a similar pettern of response associated with depression.

bismuth ; hair ; blood ; depression

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