engleski

Utilisation of solar energy for heating under the terms of new technical regulations about thermal protection in buildings

Croatia is today faced with significant shortage of energy, particularly because it is largely dependent on oil imports. Since 30% of total consumption of all types of energy is used for conditioning of buildings (heating, air conditioning, and hot water preparation), reduction in consumption of conventional energy sources, by switching to renewable energy sources can be justified because of numerous energy, economic, environmental and strategic reasons. The application of renewable energy sources in building conditioning systems is possible if the temperature of media, i.e. the heat carrier is sufficiently higher than the temperature in conditioned areas (users) or the temperature of service hot water. In order to ensure the mentioned conditions it is necessary to take into account the building position and the improvement of thermal protection of building’ s structural elements at the time of project development. The paper will also analyse active systems for converting solar energy into other forms of usable energy. Special consideration will be given to various types of solar energy receivers (solar collectors), their operating principles, usability and their installation. The paper will further analyse low temperature heating systems and their applicability in building construction according to new Technical regulation about thermal energy savings and thermal protection in buildings. This technical regulation takes into consideration the application of renewable energy sources and sets new requirements according to the share of renewable energy sources in total energy needs. If the share of the renewable energy sources is larger the regulation sets no limits on annual heat requirements of buildings which allows greater freedom in building designing. Modern architecture also applies the energy efficiency measures through utilisation of renewable energy sources in buildings which, depending on energy source type, assigns to it certain formative character.

solar energy; renewable sources; solar collectors; thermal protection; environmental effects

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