engleski

Detection of chromosomal aberrations in lymphoma, collecting samples by fine needle aspiration

The detection of chromosomal abnormalities characteristic of lymphomas, is important in the diagnostic workup of aggressive lymphomas given its impact on treatment strategies and prognosis. It requires cell kulture karyotyping of 20 metaphases. The success rate is directly dependent of the prevalence of tumor cells in the aspirate. Recently this has been accomplished using FISH. In conformation with other methods for collecting samples the fine needle aspiration (FNA) was attractive for diagnosis. We report the cytogenetic investigation in series of 62 patients with lymphoma (30 women and 32 men, median age 40, ranged 3-90 years). The diagnosis and classification were performed by pathologists and cytologists using conventional morphology and immunophenotyping. In our series 55 (88.7%) of the specimens yield sufficient numbers of analysable methaphases. Among the 55 successfuly karyotyped specimens 43 (78, 7%) showed clonal karyotypic abnormalities. Numerical changes in 5, numerical with structural changes in 17 and structural changes in 21 cases. Trisomies 3, 7, 8, 12, X and monosomy 1 were most frequent. The Non Hodgkin lymphomas (NHL) were typically characterised by structural rather than numerical aberrations with chromosome arms 1 p/q, 3p/q, 6q, 11 q and 14q most frequently involved. The expected t(8 ; 14)(q24 ; 32) and t(14 ; 18)(q32 ; q21) were present in 12 (33%) NHL. The detected abnormal clones in Hodgkin disease were typically very complex and comprised only a small percentage of metaphases. FISH permitted to detect breakpoints, loss or gain of genetic material and revealed rearrangements suspected by conventional abnormalities in 15 (27.2%) cases. In conclusion, a cell culture sampled by FNA of lymph nodes is an adequate method for chromosomal analysis.

Malignant lymphomas; cytogenetic abnormalities; FNAC

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