engleski

Glandular hair ultrastructure and essential oils in Satureja subspicata vis. Ssp. subspicata and Ssp. liburnica Šilić

Comparative studies were carried out of the two researched plants Satureja subspicata spp. subspicata and S. subspicata spp. liburnica collected during plant development, with regard to their essential oils chemical composition and glandular structure ontogenesis. The phytochemical analysis of essential oils isolated by hydrodistillation was performed and twenty three free volatile compounds were identified in all oils. Researched oils contain the monoterpenic phenols carvacrol and thymol in all phenological stages. Major component of both subspecies oils was α -pinene, especially in flowering period (52.9/42.6%), thus classifying the investigated plants as an α -pinene chemo-type. The development of glandular structures of these xerophytic subspecies shows many ultra-structural changes during their preceding secretion, on secretion and after secretion stages. Metabolic changes are evident in the disc preceding secretion cells, when the plant starts producing terpenoides. The secretion gland head cells have a number of ultra-structural changes, among them a boundary wall as a metabolic change. These changes result in the increase of surface tension, and the accumulation of free volatile compounds in sub-cuticular space of a gland head. In after secretion stage all head cells start lysing and the basal cell is the only compact part of the gland which produces tannins as metabolic reaction to environmental stress.

essential oil; glandular hair; Satureja subspicata Vis. ssp. subspicata; S. subspicata Vis. ssp. liburnica Šilić; ultrastructures

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