engleski

RELATING NEARBY POINT SOURCE EMISSIONS TO AMBIENT CONCENTRATIONS BY DISPERSION MODELING

Atmospheric and topographic complexities that influence air quality monitoring, modeling, and forecasting will be discussed in the presentation. The complexities include uncertainties and errors in measuring and simulating evolution of the synoptic systems ; local flows, circulations, and atmospheric stability ; accurately specifying all characteristics of emission sources ; and imperfection of models. In the first step of the analysis, we will show the significance of details of the atmospheric, topographic, and model structure issues affecting the transport and dispersion of pollutants on the scales of meters to about 100 km or so. In this range the strong modification of the airflows and associated dispersion occur due to small-scale topographic features ; development of upslope, downslope, and valley winds ; urban, street-canyon, and building effects ; pronounced changes in the surface roughness ; discontinuities between the land and water bodies ; occurrence of sea and land breezes ; radiation and precipitation processes ; cloud and fog effects ; complex details of emission sources and their behavior on close range including environmental justice initiatives. All these complexities represent a significant challenge for atmospheric, dispersion, and air quality models in accurately predicting the transport, dispersion, and chemical transformations of pollutants. This challenge, examples of relevant air quality studies, and critical analysis of models of various sophistication will be also discussed.

topographic complexities; small scale; atmospheric processes; chemical processes

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