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The influence of antioxidants on progression of diabetic neuromyopathy

Background and Aims: Morphological changes of diabetic skeletal muscles are induced by diabetic neuropathy. The important role in the progression diabetic neuromyopathy have increased oxidative stress and impaired antioxidant defense. It is well known that alpha-lipoic acid (LA), as potent biological antioxidant, used in therapy of diabetic neuropathy. The aim of our study was to determine the influence of alpha-lipoic acid on the diabetic skeletal muscle, using the model of muscle rengeneration. Material and methods Diabetes were induced in two-months-old male Wistar rats by a single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ). Regeneration process was induced in slow (m.soleus, SOL) and fast (m.extensor digitorum longus, EDL) muscles by injection of local anesthetic (bupivacain). All groups of rats (control, untreated diabetic and treated diabetic) were treated with LA intraperitoneal injection every day (50 mg/kg). Skeletal muscles were analysed (fibre cross areas and fibre type distribution) 10 days, 4 and 8 weeks after bupivacaine treatment. Results: M. Soleus After 4 weeks of diabetes the percentage of type I fibers in SOL muscles was significantly lower in respect to control group, while the percentage of type I and IIA of muscle fibers in the diabetic group treated with LA was similar to these in control group. The fibre cross areas of type IIA diabetic muscle fibers are significant smaller in respect to normal muscles. After 4 weeks of treatment, the fibre cross areas of type I and type IIA diabetic muscle fibers were significantly higher. M. Extensor Digitorum Longus Diabetic untreated muscles, 4 weeks after regeneration, showed statisticaly increased percentage of type IIX fibers. In diabetic EDL muscles treated with LA were statisticaly more fibers type I and IIB. The cross areas of all fibre types in diabetic EDL muscles were significantly smaller than in control muscles. In diabetic group treated with LA the fibre cross areas were significantly higher than in diabetic group. Conclusions: The antioxidant therapy can prevent the canges in fiber type distribution and cross sectional areas of diabetic regenerating slow and fast skeletal muscles.

diabetes; diabetic neuromiopathy; antioxidant

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