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Ultrasonic fetal and palcental tissue characterisation and lung maturity

Objective: To determine a relationship between the gestational age and quantitative assessment of ultrasonic signs of placental tissue, fetal lungs and liver tissue, for determining fetal lung maturity in normal pregnancy and pregnancy with preeclampsia. Design& methods: the placenta, fetal lungs and fetal liver in 300 normal pregnancies , 100 preeclamptic pregnancies and 100 diabetic pregnancy were examined by ultrasound at 30-41 weeks of gestation. In 500 patients after delivery the placentas were placed in water at body temperature for ultrasonic echo-amplitude analysis. The coefficients of variation (the standard deviation divided by the mean value) were used to characterize the tissue in different groups during pregnancy. Results: the coefficients of variation in mature fetuses were greater than 29% for placentas in-vivo, greater than 34% for placentas in-vitro, greater than 28% for liver tissue and greater than 30% for lung tissue. Placental and lung tissue of preeclamptic patients tended to have higher coefficients of variation throughout their pregnancies.There were no significant differences for liver tissue between normotensive and preeclamptic groups.Placental , lung and liver tissue of diabetic pregnancy tended to have lower coefficients of variation throughout their pregnancies. Conclusions:The coefficient of variation values for placentas in-vivo and in-vitro, and fetal lungs and liver increase during pregnancy in normal and preeclamptic patients with increasing gestational age and decrease in diabetic patients. These textural changes of fetal tissues associated with fetal lung maturity.

placental tissue; fetal lungs; lung maturity; preeclampsia

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