engleski

Geometry in Elementary School Geography

Following conclusions can be drawn on the basis of conducted research: There is a large number of elementary school textbooks for geography in Croatia. Five different textbooks and corresponding workbooks for the 5th grade were analysed ; Newer textbooks are more attractive and more sought ; Introduction of geographic coordinates is a special problem, as at this age, students do not know the trigonometric functions. Moreover, the definition of an angle between a straight line and a plane, and the definition of an angle between two planes is not in the curriculum ; The following terms should be excluded from the 5th grade: ellipse, ellipsoid, geoid, angular distance, and neighbouring meridian. The first three are too difficult and unnecessary for the age, and the last two make no sense ; It would be nice if students after finishing elementary school had knowledge about following terms: proportionality, linear scale, plane coordinate system, Pythagoras' theorem, equality of angles with perpendicular legs, circle perimeter and circle area, sphere area and volume, ellipse and rotational ellipsoid basics, geographical coordinate system, map projections basics ; All terms should be introduced correctly, and not in a distorted or even wrong way ; Authors of geography textbooks should be assisted by geodesists and cartographers while processing geodetic and cartographic themes.

geometry; geography; cartography; geodesy

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