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Spatiotemporal monitoring of floodwater mosquito dispersal in Osijek, Croatia

The paper demonstrates possibilities of using geoinformation technologies and geostatistics to monitor mosquito dispersal for mosquito control programs at municipality level. The objective of the case study was to quantify the dispersal of floodwater mosquitoes from the natural marshland Kopački rit into the city of Osijek and analyze the main factors controlling it. The capture-mark-release-recapture method was used to analyze mosquito dispersal: 50, 000 adult Aedes vexans, Ochlerotatus sticticus and Ochlerotatus caspius mosquitoes were marked with powdered fluorescent pigment and released from the southern part of Kopački rit on April 27, 2004. 40 CO2 baited CDC traps were set in the area of Osijek municipality (171 km2) and were monitored for ten days ; from 29 April to 9 May 2004. The distance between sampling points and the release point ranged between 1 km to 16.7 km. A total of 582, 471 mosquitoes were captured and examined in the laboratory. The marked mosquitoes were found at 12 sites, located from 1 km to 11.7 km away from the release point. The recapture rate was 0.044% (54% Oc. sticticus, 32% Ae. vexans and 14% Oc. caspius). 95% of all captured mosquitoes were trapped in the first seven days. The mosquito counts from different sites were then interpolated using ordinary kriging and visualized dynamically to detect dominant migration directions. The mosquito dispersal and frequency were under a great influence of wind speed (r = 0.82). The study provides insight into mosquito dispersal dynamics and sets the foundations for further investigation of the biology, ecology and ethology of mosquitoes. Limitations of the approach, recommendations for the improvement of the monitoring network, and spatial predictions are further discussed.

floodwater mosquitoes; dispersal; mark-recapture; spatial interpolation; kriging; GIS

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