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In Vitro Antitumor Effect of Propolis and its Polyphenolic Compounds on Primary Culture of Human Urinary Bladder Cancer

The highest incidence of cancer of the urinary bladder is observed in the developed countries, with the exception of Japan and Russia. Large amounts of epidemiological data have supported the inverse relation between the consumption of fruits and vegetables and the incidence of cancer. The flavonoids present in propolis are considered to be rich source of chemopreventive agents, since they have various therapeutic biological activities. This study was carried out to find whether propolis and its polyphenolic/flavonoids compounds may induce cytotoxicity in primary culture of human urinary bllader cancer cells as compared to normal urinary bllader epithelial cells. Pieces of urinary bllader cancer grown in the cavity of urinary bllader as well as normal epithelial tissue from urinary bladder wall were taken from patients in different stages (grade I, II, III) of bllader carcinoma. Single cells suspension from pieces of either cancer or normal tissue was prepared according standard laboratory proccedure. Incubation for cytotoxicity testing were carried out in RPMI-1640 medium with 20% FCS at 37 ˚ C with 5% CO2 with or without diffrent concentration (50, 150, 300 µ g/ml) of test components. The cytotoxicity of two preparation of propolis (water and ethanolic extract of propolis ; WSDP or EEP) and its polyphenolic compounds (caffeic acid, naringin, chrysin, quercetin) was determined using trypan blue exlusion assay. This findings suggest that EEP is the most effective in inhibition of urinary bllader cancer cell proliferation as compared to flavonoids derived from propolis. All test components have no cytotoxic effect on normal epithelial cells. The result of this study may provide great impact on the potential activity of EEP as an adjuvant to surgery, to suppress or prevent tumor recurrence in urinary bllader since only a few anti-cancer drugs have been effective in tumor control. Since immunomodulation by BCG has been used to impruve the results of surgery it is likely that propolis preparation (EEP) as immunomodulating compound may be a substitute for mycobacterial treatment since propolis preparation have expressed no side effect after treatment. However, the exact cancer chemoprevention mechanisms of propolis effectivness have to be elucidated.

propolis; polyphenolic compounds; urinary bladder cancer

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