engleski

Electrostatic and chemical interactions of ions in electrolytes and in ionic point charge double layers

By the application of the Madelung constant, the Debye - Hückel radius, is deduced directly from the definition of the average edge length of the cube, which contains one ion of an 1-1 electrolyte. The theoretical function of activity coefficient with concentration, is deduced assuming that the ion interactions are, along with the electrostatic free energy change, also under the influence of the chemical potential of cations and anions. The constant parameters, and can be estimated by fitting the function to experimental sets of points of any electrolyte. Proposed is the theoretical function of electrokinetic quotient, measured as electrophoretic mobility, or electroosmotic transport across membranes, or streaming current, or streaming potential on ionic strength or concentration, which reads. The theoretical function is defined by three constant parameters: = maximal electrokinetic quotient, = slope of the lines, = ionic strength defining, one independent variable, = molality, and one dependent variable = electrokinetic quotient. Constant parameters can be estimated by fitting the theo-ret-ical func-tion to experimental sets of elektro-kinetic points. Electrostatic potentials and replacing the classical Smoluchowki's and Henry's - potentials can be calculated from, and , which are obtained by fitting.

Coagulation; Colloids; Electrolytes; Stability

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