engleski

The TATA binding protein, TBP – a factor for all seasons

Regulation of gene transcription is the major mode of gene regulation in eukaryotic organisms. Three different polymerases, RNA polymerase I, RNA polymerase II and RNA polymerase III serve to transcribe genes encoding ribosomal RNAs, messenger RNAs and tRNAs respectively. Protein encoding genes generally have complex upstream activating regions which consist of one or more activator or repressor binding sequences as well as a core promoter region which generally includes a TATA box and/or an initiator element (Inr). Some promoters however do not contain a TATA box and these fall into the general category of TATA-less promoters. Transcription from all promoters involves a complex biochemical sequence in which a multitude of protein factors are assembled on the core promoter to elicit transcription of a given gene at the appropriate time and place within the cell or organism. Activated transcription is believed to involve a recruitment mechanism whereby the activation domain of the activator binds and recruits subsequent protein factors which nucleate the assembly of the general transcription machinery at the start site of initiation. The general transcription factors are a class of proteins believed to be generally required for transcription from all class II promoters. These factors include, TFIIA, TFIID, TFIIB, TFIIE, TFIIF and TFIIH. TFIID is a complex containing the TATA binding protein, TBP and a variety of TBP-associated factors (TAFs) and this review will focus on the role of TBP in transcription.

TATA-binding protein

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