engleski

Space Weather Observation, Research and Distribution

GPS, Galileo and GLONASS, as well as Telecommunication Satellite Systems (TSSs) and Meteorological Satellite Systems (MSSs) are examples of space technologies upon which human society is becoming increasingly dependent. A major failure in any such system will have a severe and global impact. This report presents a study of, and a possible solution to the hazards posed by Space Weather upon space technologies, as well as Earth based systems and humans in space and on Earth. It concludes that society is currently not sufficiently prepared for extreme Space Weather events by a lack of long-term plans for research and forecasting of the problem. Activities on national levels are being conducted, but there is a lack of coordination, and financing is not secured in all cases. A study of Space Weather impacts on technological systems in space and on Earth, as well as the effects on humans is here presented. Taking into account these problems, an International Space Weather Organization (ISWO) is proposed. This is an intergovernmental organization aiming to design and operate solar observatory missions in order to analyze and forecast the effects of Space Weather. It will encourage national and regional space agencies to build ISWO proposed solar and Space Weather research missions and provide Mission Requirements Documents (MRDs) and Mission Interface Documents (MIDs), of which summaries of the first are presented in this report. To conclude the outline of ISWO, an analysis of a spacecraft constellation in the Sun-Earth Lagrangian points to forecast and monitor Space Weather is performed. This constellation is called Surya, and will improve the actual forecast of Space Weather by providing 3D images and better coverage of the Sun. The feasibility of placing observatories in the different Lagrangian points of the Sun-Earth system is analyzed in a scientific and an economic perspective.

Space weather; Hazards; Humans; Life; Solar Observation

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