engleski

Karyotype analysis of Picea omorika (Panč.) Purk. in vivo and in vitro with a special emphasis on nucleolar organizer regions (NORs)

The karyotype of Omorika spruce (Picea omorika (Panč.) Purk.) in vivo, genetic stability of embryogenic culture and behaviour of the nucleolar organizer regions during differentiation processes were studied. Comparative analyses of meristematic root-tip cells, proembryonal and somatic embryo cells showed neither mitotic disturbances nor changes in chromosome number, morphology and heterochromatin distribution. The cells had diploid chromosome complement, 2n=24, consisted of ten metacentric and two submetacentric pairs. Fluorochrome banding revealed 22 CMA3 and 18 DAPI bands at centromeric and intercalary position. The maximum number of nucleoli (16) recorded after silver staining indicated the 16 NORs in diploid chromosome set which corresponds to intercalary CMA3 bands. Differences in a number of nucleoli per nucleus noticed among tissue types investigated, point out that NORs behaviour could be related to the level of cell differentiation.

Picea omorika (Panč.) Purk.; karyotype; fluorochrome banding; nucleolar organizer region; somatic embryogenesis; somaclonal variation

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