engleski

TLC determination of allergenic and carcinogenic dyes

Forty-nine different dyes are classified as contact allergens with reference to textile related contact dermatitis. Two thirds of these are disperse dyes representing only a small fraction of the eight thousand commercially used dyes. These dyes are used for immersion or printing of acetate/polyester, polyamide, poly-acrylonitrile, PVC, and polyurethane textiles. Today these textiles having direct skin contact such as underwear, stockings, bathing suits, shirts pants, baby's and children's clothing as well as sleeping bags are gaining more and more attention (CAMAG applications notes in instrumental TLC, A-79.1 and A-64.5). Additionally carcinogenic amines deriving from azo dyes represent another problem. Therefore the dyes used as well as specified textiles have to be tested to ensure absence of any carcinogenic amine. For this purpose many different analytical procedures can be applied (CAMAG applications notes in instrumental TLC, A-79.1 and A-64.5 ; Öko tex standard). In this research work a thin layer chromatographic method was developed for testing several carcinogenic and allergenic dyes being applied on different textile products. These substances may be extracted from the fabrics during every day's use and then be absorbed by the skin. The development of this analytical procedure included optimization of the thin layer chromatographic procedure (qualitative and quantitative factors). Preliminary experiments comprised the testing of different stationary and mobile phases, as well as different reagents for visualization. Afterwards optimization of the mobile phase composition was performed, which included testing different volume ratios of the chosen solvents maintaining constant all the other parameters. By this method different disperse and azo dyes classified as critical under the aspect of consumer protection were chromatographically separated and determined qualitatively and quantitatively, respectively. The advantages of using thin layer chromatography for this analytical task are the following: ease of operation, low operating costs, high sample throughput, and visual color recognition. In comparison to the classical procedures for separation and determination of different dyes, very small sample and solvent amounts needed for the analysis made this method economically and ecologically favorable. For these reasons the method developed may be applied in different textile testing laboratories evaluating textiles treated with dyes as potentially allergenic or carcinogenic.

thin layer chromatography; textile dyes

Sazetak je objavljen u časopisu Toxicology Letters, 164(2006):(S1)S1-S324