engleski

Carbohydrate Metabolism in Diabetes Mellitus

Carbohydrates are an important source of energy for the body, being also the major food component in many areas of the world. They are mainly ingested in the form of starch and glycogen. After ingestion, starch and glycogen are partially digested by the action of salivary amylase to form intermediate dextrins and maltose. Maltose, dextrins and other ingested disaccharides are decomposed in the intestinal mucosa to form monosacharides, glucose, galactose and fructose. These monosaccharides are then absorbed into the circulation and transported to the liver by the portal vein.

carbohydrates; diabetes mellitus; glucose metabolism; hormones; insulin; glucagon; cortisol; thyroxine

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