engleski

Holistic analytic approach in the study of population structure - From ethnohistory to DNA

The application of holistic analytic approach in the study of population structure can be very helpful in providing some important information about the continuity of interaction between intrinsic population characteristics (its gene pool) and a wide spectrurn of extrinsic selective impacts. Major advantages of such approach are the possibility to assess the main detenminants of interpopulation similarity or variabil-ity, and to estimate the dependence of the rate of (micro) evolutionary processes upon the historical events that favoured or restricted gene flow. Some of the extri.nsic influences that have the greatest im-portamce in such interaction are cultural, economical, medical, political, religious, social, and many oth-ers. In this study, various measures of genetic distances (estimated from D3S 1358, wWA, FG.A, THO l, TPĐX, CSF1PO, DSS818, D13S317 and D7S820 STR loci ; DRBl, DRB3, DRBS, DQA1 and DQB1 HLA class II polymorphisms ; 10 crythracyte antigens and isonymy), biological distances (anthropomctri-cal body and head distanccs, physiological, dermatoglyphic and radiogrammetric bone distances), bio-cultural (migrational time depth kinship analyses and kinship estimated from isonymy) and sociocultiual distances (linguistic - basic and cultural vocabulary) were calculated between inhabitants - subpopulations of six villagcs of the island of Hvar, Croatia. Correlations between : a total of 22 distancc m, atrices were analyzed using Mantel's test of matrix corre-spondence. The model-bound (Malecot's isolation by distance) and the model-free approach (factor analysis of the structurc of correlation matrices among different distance measures) were applied. Since there was a significant discrepancy between the obtained results after using different variables and analytic methods, they are in terms of identified major sourccs of population variability, which seemed to be partly variable-specific, but with significant contribution of non-random sociocultural and ethnohistorical effects and its interaction with population intrinsic homogenizational and variational peculiarities.

holistic analytic approach; population structure; anthropology; population genetics

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