engleski

Insulin resistant brain state and its link to diabetes mellitus

Insulin resistant brain state is a dysfunction of the neuronal insulin receptor (IR) signalling, demonstrated mostly in phosphatydilinositol-3 kinase pathway that resembles IR signaling dysfunction in the peripheral insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes mellitus. The resulted brain insulin dysfunction may be manifested as altered feeding behaviour and cognitive deficits in learning and memory in relation to aging, obesity, diabetes mellitus type 2, and late-onset sporadic Alzehimer’ s disease. These conditions represent both, primarily central (aging and Alzheimer’ s disease) and primarily peripheral (obesity and type diabetes) insulin resistance state. Current knowledge suggests a bi-directional communication between these two insulin resistant states, one increasing the risk for development of another and vice versa. In spite of reported genetic, metabolic, nutritional and environmental contributing factors, it is still not clear in which conditions insulin resistant brain state and the peripheral insulin resistance co-exist with manifested clinical symptoms of both disorders. Research is focused on discovering the trigger determining which target tissue, neuronal or non-neural, becomes first resistant to insulin and what initiates the afterwards development of insulin resistance in the left over target tissue.

insulin; brain; diabetes mellitus; Alzheimer's disease

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