engleski

Cytotoxic and mutageneic effect of waste and purified water samples from electroplating industries

Toxicological safety of the new purification method for electroplating wastewaters has been assessed. Method utilises waste by-product ferrous sulfate and wood fly ash to scavenge heavy metals from electroplating wastewaters. Energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence analysis of all samples met the law requirements for safe depositing of waste into the environment. The toxicity study consisted of determination of bacterial and human cell lines survival and the Ames assay (plate incorporation assay and the princubation assay) with two bacterial strains Salmonella typhimurium TA98 and TA 100. Since cellular structures of prokaryotes and eukaryotes are different, we have also used two human epithelial cell lines (HEp and HeLa) in order to determine activity of mitochondrial dehydrogenases as biochemical marker of cell survival. Unexpectedly, data obtained indicate that purified water with original and rinsed fly ash has caused cytotoxic effect on bacterial strain Salmonella typhimurium TA 100 and both human cell lines. It has also caused slight mutagenic effect on both bacterial strains. Ames assay showed that combination of alkalis and heavy metals present in the water purified with original fly ash and eluates of fly and waste ash were metabolically activated and conjugated with glutathione, resulting in new metabolites active and toxic for the cell. In order to reduce this effect, pretreatment of fly ash (partial removal of highly soluble compounds) are necessary prior to its usage for eutralisation/coagulation/floculation processes.

Ames test; HEp; HeLa; electroplating wastewater; ferrous sulphate; wood fly ash

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