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Metrical Analysis of First Lower Molar (M1) of Eneolitic Dogs from Vučedol site (Vukovar, Croatia) and Recent Dogs and Wolfs

About 15 000 animal bone fragments (excavated 1984/85 on Vučedol site) were stored on the Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine University of Zagreb, Croatia. All remains originated from eneolitic period and represent three main cultures on that site: Baden, Kostolac and Vučedol. We researched osteological fragments of Canis lupus sp. lower jaws, separated from that osteological material. There was 13 bone remains, eight left and five right half of lower jaws. Especially we were exploring first lower molar (M1), and we have made notice about 1) maximal lenght of crown, 2) maximal breadth of crown, 3) breadth of protoconoid and 4) breadth of talonid. We were doing identical measurement on M1 of recent dogs and wolfs. Results were compared on the basis of calculated indexes. Our intention was to find out similarities which could help us in further determination of subfosil and recent forensic osteological material. Besides that, we estimated body weight of eneolotic dogs from Vučedol site by using the Legendre-Roth method (1988).

Eneolitic period; Canis lupus sp.; lower jaws; first lower molar; recent dogs and wolfs

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