engleski

Antibiotic resistance and consumption in community acquired respiratory tract infections

Respiratory tract infections are one of the leading causes of patient attendance at doctors office(GPs).In Zagreb, respiratory tract infections (RTIs)have led to 23% of all primary care visits. S. pyogenes is still penicillin-sensitive and the macrolide resistance is 13%. Sensitivity of S. pneumoniae is good: few strains (below 1%)have developed strong resistance to penicillin (MIC veći od 32eg/ml).Resistance to macrolides is 30%. S. pneumoniae have colonised 40% of kindergarten children. The sensitivity of H. influenzae to amoksicillin is 82%. Sensitivity to all other antimicrobials is also very high. Despite viruses causing the vast majority of respiratory tract infections, the consumptions of antibacterials is very high. According to Croatian Institute for Health Insurance, anatomic group J drugs (antimicrobials for systemic use) are the leading ones prescribed. Broad-spectrum penicillins account for 90% of the main anatomic group. In 2002, Anatomical Therapeutical Chemical(ATC) drug costs represented 17% of all drug costs to our Insurance. Respiratory pathogens have a low resistance and one showing a declining trend over the last few years. The consumption of antibacterials is very high. Respiratory tract infections pose an enormous health care burden. Combating antibacterial misuse and antibiotic resistance requires antibiotic resistance surveillance, guidelines for proper use of antibiotics, and efforts to achieve a reduction in the transmission of respiratory tract pathogens. This should be one of Public Health Institutes prime responsibilities.

Antibiotics; Resistance; Consumption; Respiratory tract infections; Zagreb

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