ruski

Rusi u ranoj povijesti Medicinskog fakulteta u Zagrebu( izvorno na ruskom )

Zagreb University School of Medicine, founded in 1874 and opened in 1917 belong to the large group of medical schools founded in the period between 1800 and 1919. It's foundation was turning point in the academic and higher medical education in this part of the middle and southern Europe. Development of medical education in Croatia was under strict control of foreign rulers: the Venetian Republic, the Habsburgs, Napoleon I, Austria and Hungary, who except the authorities of French era, perceived all demands for the opening the University and the School of Medicine. The course of the events preceding the opening of the Medical Faculty in Zagreb started in 1790, and from the very beginning up to the 1917, it was vigorously supported by Croatian physicians, intellectuals and nationally oriented politicians but it was strongly opposed by certain political circles in Vienna and Pest. Although the Law of Kingdom of Croatia, Dalmatia and Slavonia on the foundation of University of Zagreb of January 5,1874, clearly regulated that the University was to consist of four schools: Theology, Law, Medicine and Arts, the opening of Medical Faculty has been postponed up to the end of 1917. Austro - Hungarian authorities continuously used the pretext of costs, unprepared staff, unsuitable textbooks, poor scientific library and lack of clinics and institutions crucial for courses in basic and clinical sciences, what was in fact the result of their political, economical and public health policy in Croatia. More often Croatian needs for Medical School in Zagreb found support in members of other Slav nations. The first three professors of Zagreb School of Medicine were Croats, but from the very beginning two conceptions of the structure of future appointed professors collided. One was to engage primarily Croatian physicians, because of their knowledge of national pathology. The second, which prevailed in initial period, was to invite foreign experts from universities all over the Europe - in order to provide modern clinical, pedagogical and scientific experience at newly established Faculty. Among the first generation of appointed professors were eminent professors and experts from Russia, fleeing from the Revolution: Nikolai Vasiljević Krainsky, Mihael Lapinski , Aleksej Stepanović Kuljženko , Sergei Saltykow , Nikolaj Nikolajević Burdenko , Josip Rasuhin and Jurij Gerasimov at School of People's Health and others. The aim of this research is to illuminate and evaluate their role and achievements in the establishment and institutionalisation of medical education at Zagreb School of Medicine, as well as their contribution in the development of modern medical specialisation and scientific research and public health policy in Croatia.

Rusi; Medicinski fakultet Zagreb; Hrvatska;1917-1940 - izvorno na ruskom

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