engleski

Monitoring of the residues of substances with anabolic effect in meat industry: legislature, analytical methods and results in Croatia

In 1988, the European Union (EU) Commission placed a ban on the use of substances with anabolic effect in meat industry in EU countries as well as for the meat and meat products imported to EU countries. The maximal allowed amounts of substances with anabolic effect for particular substrates in which they are determined, recommended analytical methods for their quantitative determination, and number of samples to be analyzed relative to the total number of slaughter animals have been regulated by the EU Directive No. 96/22 from 1994. In accordance with the Directive, the Ministry of Agriculture and forestry of the Republic of Croatia has passed Regulations on the Monitoring of Particular Substance Residues in Animals and Products of Animal Origin and launched the National Program of Residues Monitoring, also providing financial support for its implementation. according to this Program, group A includes substances with anabolic effect. In order to assess a possible abuse of these substances in animal fattening, 493 animals were examined at the Croatian Veterinary Institute during 2000, including 201 pigs, 229 heifers, 49 poultry and 14 lambs. A total of 600 samples of substrates obtained from fattening animals and at slaughterhouses were analyzed, including 441 urine samples, 139 liver samples and 20 muscle samples. A total of 932 analyses were performed: 296 and 20 for diethylstilbestrol in urine and muscle ; 104, 135 and 2 for clenbuterol in urine, liver and muscle ; 145 for 19-nortestosterone in urine ; 146 and 3 for trenbolon in urine and muscle ; and 81 for progesterone in urine, respectively. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used as a screening method for determination of anabolics, whereas a combination of high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and ELISA was used as a confirmation method. In all studied samples, the concentrations of anabolics were below the maximal allowed amounts i.e. below the limit of detection of the method used.

anabolic; diethylstilbestrol; testosterone; 17-beta-estradiol; progesterone; trenbolon; 19-nortestosteron; clenbuterol

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