engleski

Nutritional status and dietary intakes of institutionalised and non-institutionalised elderly

The purpose of this study was to determine the dietary intakes and nutritional status of elderly people aged 65 years and older, permanently resting at three institution (n=256) and independent-living elders who had organised one meal (lunch) on wheels daily (n=146). Dietetic monitoring for institutionalised elderly was made for 30 days by daily menu and FFQ and for non-institutionalised elderly by daily menu for lunch (30 days) and FFQ. Weight and height were determined using standard techniques and following the norms of the WHO and body mass index (kg/m2) was calculated. According to results institutionalised elderly consumed more than 100 % of the RDA for energy, protein, phosphor, iron, vitamin A, B1, B2, niacin and vitamin C with exception of calcium. The mean percentage of calories from protein was 15.9 %, for fat 38.4 % and carbohydrate 45.7 %. 55.7 % of proteins and 53.4 % of fat were animal origin and 9 % of carbohydrates were refined. Only 2.2 % of daily energy were from fruit, which was served 2-3 times per week and 12.0 % from vegetable. Milk and dairy products in daily meals present less than 10 % of daily energy. The non-institutionalised subjects had lower number of meals per day, lower energy and nutritional intake and lower income than institutionalised subjects. Average BMI for institutionalised and non-institutionalised man and women was adequate. Statistically significant difference between institutionalised and non-institutionalised elderly was recognised for high and BMI, as well as for energy, carbohydrates, calcium, vitamin A, B1 and C intake. Correlation between body weight and consumed fat was established for the institutionalised persons. Body weight of the non-institutionalised elderly was in correlation with number of meals per day was established.

nutritional status; diet; elderly

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