engleski

Overcomming stalk lodging on K-deficient soil by growing tolerant maize hybrids

Growth retardation, chlorosis and inclination maize to stalk lodging (SL) at maturity were observed on some soils of the Eastern Croatia. Strong K-fixation and excess of Mg were found by soil test. Ameliorative K fertilization is recommended for overcoming this problem, but choice of tolerant hybrids could be also reliable solution. Object of this study was testing maize hybrids on these soils. Nutrient concentrations were determined by inductively coupled plasma (ICP) after their microwave digestion in the laboratory of the RISSAC Budapest. Fourteen maize hybrids were grown during the growing season of 1990 on drained gleysoil. Seven hybrids contained Os-1-48 (group A), while remaining seven hybrids contained Os 87-24 (group B) genotype as the male parent. The hybrids of the group A had a considerably lower SL, higher grain yields and lower stalk base P at maturity (means 4.9%, 5.64 t ha-1 and 0.13% P) compared to the B hybrids (59.1%, 4.16 t ha-1 and 0.22% P). Ten maize hybrids were grown during the growing season of 1998 on calcaric fluvisol. Four hybrids (OsSK568exp, OsSK602, OsSK444 and OsSK458exp.) could be designated as a more tolerant (MT: 8.01 t ha-1) and four hybrids (OsSK552, OsSK554, OsSK508 and OsSK497exp.) less tolerant (LT: 4.55 t ha-1) to K deficiency. SL of individual hybrids was from 3.4% (OsSK444) to 65.9% (OsSK497exp.) as well as 15.7% (MT) and 43.0% (LT), respectively. Two hybrids (OsSK552 and OsSK554: mean yield 3.93 t ha-1) have very low ear-leaf (silking stage) K (0.55% K) and the higher levels of Ca (1.01% Ca) and Mg (1.47% Mg) in comparison with OsSK568exp and OsSK602 (8.80 t ha-1, 0.74%K, 0.73% Ca and 1.13% Mg).

maize; stalk lodging; K-deficient soil; yield; ear-leaf composition; nitrogen; phosphorus; potassium; calcium; magnesium

nije evidentirano