engleski

Biodlversity of the amphipod fauna in Croatian fresh and brackish water

A large diversity of taxa of amphipods in Croatian fresh and brackish waters corresponds with a wide diversity in habitats and with many isolated parts of the karstic region (e.g. numerous Adriatic islands). The first research of fresh and brackish water Amphipoda in Croatia was done by E. A. Grube (University of Wrocaw, Poland) who investigated the region of Kvarner (Cres, LoCinj, etc.) in the middle of the l9th century. M. Metrov (University of Zagreb, Croatia) made a significant contribution to the knowledge about the ecology of interstitial Amphipoda during the sixties of this century. However, the first check-list of the whole order Amphipoda was made by G. Karaman (1974) with 41 species recorded for Croatia. B. Sket (University of Ljubljana, $lovenia) and G. Karaman (University of PodgorlcaYugoslavia) recorded and described many new taxa in Croatia, during the last thirty years including revisions of many species concepts. The present paper is based on a detailed analysis of all amphipod publications known to the authors. Taxon names were revised according to the current nomenclature and classification (Illies, 1978 ; Botosaneanu, 1986). The authors have also contributed some additional records on the distribution of someamphipods. This analysis resulted in 75 Amphipoda species, i.e., 84 species and subspecies, from 4 famihes Bogidiellidae, Gammaridae Hadziidae and Talitridae, and arranged in 1 S genera. Most amphipods belong to the Gammaridae: 78 species and subspecies which makes 93% of the total, out of which 69% are stygobionts. The richest genus of stygobionts is Niphargus (Gammaridae), whose species colonize spring cave and interstitial waters of the Dinaric karst as well as the interstitial fauna outside the Karstic areas. They are distributed from the coastal anchiline subterranean biotopes to the phreatic and hyporheic freshwaters of the Croatian inland. Some species also inhabit the deep water accumulations and lakes. The family Bogidiellidae is represented with 4 species, which makes 4.8% of the total number of species. The species of this family mostly inhabit interstitial subterranean water. The families Hadziidae and Talitridae are represented with a single species each, which makes 1, 2% of the total. Hadzia 'ragilis (Hadziidae) is a typical species of anchialine subterranean water. The endemism of the Croatian Amphipoda is very high, and. specific for the Karstic region (S6% of total). Due to increased man made influence (different types of pol-lution, ecologically unjustified hydrotechnical interventions, frequent mining in the Karstic region, etc, ) biodiversity of amphipod fauna in Croatia has recently been threatened.

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