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Flavonoid Constituents from the Leaves of Paliurus spina-christi Mill.

Paliurus spina-christi Mill. (Rhamnaceae) is a perennial thorny shrub widely spread on dry and rocky places in the Mediterranean region. In these countries P. spina-christi is a well known traditional medicinal plant. The fruits and shoots are used against diarrhea, rheumatism and for birth control. Chemical investigations carried out in the past showed the presence of flavonoids in the fruits. Flavonoid glycosides were studied earlier by Nikolov without assignment of the correct structures. In a previous paper we reported the identification of rutin and isoquercitrin in the leaves of P. spina-christi. Our present study aims at the isolation and structure determination of four additional flavonoid glycosides. Leaves of P. spina-christi were collected in Uskoplje (Yugoslavia). The powdered plant material was successively extracted with petroleum ether and methanol. Further purufication was achieved by means of chloroform. Then the extract was subjected to several chromatographic procedures, column chromatography on silica gel, Sephadex LH-20, Fractogel TSK, and PC, included. Finally, four compounds were isolated. The structures were determined by means of chemical and spectroscopic data (UV, NMR, mass, IR) as well as by comparison with data found in the literature. The main compound proved to be quercetin-3-rutinoside-7-rhamnoside. Other constituents are kaempferol-O-triglycoside and flavonoid C/O- triglycosides. In conclusion, it can be stated that the leaves of P. spina-christi show an interesting flavonoid glycoside pattern. Further investigations are in progress.

Paliurus spina-christi; flavonoid glycosides; isolation; identification; quercetin-3-rutinoside-7-rhamnoside

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