engleski

Polygenetically Determined Diseases and Their Dermatoglyphic Expressions

Dermatoglyphs are cutaneous ridges on fingers, palms and soles, formed in the course of early intrauterine life. During this period the genetic and environmental factors have a chance to greatly influence their formation. At the same time as well as the skin, most of the organs are formed from the same layers (ectoderm and mesoderm). Early on, it was determined that in some families the incidence of diseases are higher, but their inheritance was not clear. Therefore, dermatoglyphs are used as easily accessible in the study of polygenetically influenced diseases. The presented sample was composed of psychiatric patients: schizophrenia (SCH), borderline personality disorder (BPD), bipolar affective disorder, autism and patients with various types of cancer: breast, lung (different types), thyroid gland, gastric, larinx cancer as well as for control groups. The analysis of 18 quantitative traits of dermatoglyphs was performed on fingers (FRC – finger ridge count) and on palms (a-b, b-c and c-d ridge count, and atd angle). Multivariate analysis (MANOVA), and Tukey HSD post hoc test were used to determine differences among groups. Results show significant differences in dermatoglyphs when compared to controls with all groups of patients, except BPD in males and in females. The group with psychiatric patients differ only for the fifth finger in males but not in females. The differences between psychiatric patients and patients with cancer appear on the third, fourth and fifth finger in males and females. The females with SCH differ from the group of breast cancer patients for all finger ridge counts, and fourth finger in gastric cancer patients. When we compared cancer patients among different type groups, the first, third and fourth finger were specific in males and in females. The differences were found between control groups and all diseases (for BPD only for atd angle in males) in males and in females for palmar dermatoglyphs. The BPD differ in palmar dermatoglyphs with other psychiatric patients, but not autistic patients, while other psychiatric patients differ with autism, and also with most types of patients with cancer in males. In females SCH patients differ from BPD and autistic patients. The group of patients with cancer show that only males with larynx cancer and females with breast cancer differ from all the other cancers in palmar dermatoglyphics. This study shows that different sets of polygenes are involved in the genetical transmission of psychiatric diseases, as opposed to those in carcinomas. Therefore, we can confirm that dermatoglyphs can, ones more, express the genetically influenced intrauterine changes.

dermatoglyphs; polygenetically determined diseases; Croatia

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