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Taxonomy and chorology of the orchid Ophrys x lyrata H. Fleischm. (Orchidaceae)

The species Ophrys x lyrata was described by Hans Fleischmann in 1904 from the island of Lošinj, near the town of Mali Lošinj. As a hybrid between O. bertolonii Moretti and O. incubacea Bianca it belongs to the O. bertolonii aggregate, together with three similar endemic hybrid species, O. bertoloniiformis O. & E. Danesch, O. explanata (Lojac.) P. Delforge and O. flavicans Vis., which share many common characteristics. The similarity with O. bertoloniiformis is rather significant, especially when we consider the fact that some of the variable individuals of O. lyrata greatly resemble to O. bertoloniiformis. According to the literature data and field observations, O. lyrata is rarely distributed around the Adriatic basin, noted only on few scattered localities. In Italy it was recorded on Sicily, on the Mt. Gargano and in the province of Apuglia, while in Croatia besides the locus classicus there are four new localities: the island of Biševo, the island of Vis, the surroundings of Premantura and the area of Cape Kamenjak (the most southern tip of Istrian peninsula). On the majority of localities the hybrid was flowering at the same time as both parental orchids. Since the parental species O. incubacea is abundantly distributed in wider Mediterranean region, while the other parent O. bertolonii is present on Apennine peninsula (including Sicily) and eastern Adriatic coast, it can be assumed that its hybrid occurs more frequently in their overlapping area.

taxonomy; chorology; orchids; Ophrys x lyrata

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