engleski

Chromosomal aberration analysis in assessment of genotoxicity of 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid pesticide formulation

Pesticides of worldwide application are used in agriculture in vast amounts each year, of which herbicides are the most prominent class. Phenoxy herbicides constitute one of the largest groups of herbicides sold in the world. Among them, for many years 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid has been the one most used. In the present study chromosome aberration analysis has been used to assess possible the chromosome-damaging activity of the pesticide formulation Deherban A® containing 500 mg/ml of 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid as an active ingredient. Human peripheral blood lymphocytes were treated with the pesticide for 24 hours in the absence and in the presence of the rat liver microsomes as metabolic activation system. Two different concentrations of pesticide expressed as the concentration of the active ingedient 2, 4-D have been tested (0, 4 mg/ml and 4 mg/ml). The cultivation preparation of slides have been performed according to thestandard IAEA protocol. Deherban A® significantly increased the number of chromatid and chromosome breaks and acentric fragments per as well as the number of aberrant cells for both concentrations tested. Pesticide treatment did not elevate the number of dicentric chromosomes in both lymphocyte cultures. The presence of the rat liver microsomes as metabolic activation system significantly increased the number of chromatid and chromosome breaks in treated lymphocytes compared to the treatment in the absence of the metabolic activator. The number of acentric fragments and dicentric chromosomes remained unchanged regardless of the presence or the absence of the activator. This results showed that the genotoxic potential of the pesticide formulation tested could differ from the results for 2, 4-D as the pure active ingredient obtained by some other authors.

2; 4-diklorofenoksioctena kiselina; limfociti; kromosomske aberacije

ICTX Congress Special Issue