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VACCINATION PROGRAMS AGAINST ECONOMICALLY SIGNIFICANT INFECTIOUSE SWINE DISEASES IN THE REPUBLIC OF CROATIA

Infectious diseases in pigs can cause direct and indirect economic losses to the pig-breeding industry. Direct losses are caused as a result of death, poorer growth, reproductive disorders as well as the costs of disease control measures regulated by Law. The basic causes for indirect losses are lost profit, disorder in the market value of live pigs and pork and establishing new production lines. Since swine production in the Republic of Croatia is becoming economically more significant, apart from regular veterinary and sanitary measures, systemic immunisation programmes are established. The implementation of these programmes has resulted in a successful control of important swine infectious diseases, especially during the last decade. In the Republic of Croatia programmes are applied for the control of several viral diseases, such as Classical Swine Fever (CSF), Aujeszky's Disease (AD), Swine Parvovirosis, Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome (PRRS) as well as some bacterial infections like Swine Pleuropneumoniae, Colibacillosis, Mycoplasmal Pneumoniae and Swine Erysipelas. For vaccination, attenuated vaccines (against CSF and AD) and inactivated vaccines are in use. Programmes for each disease are designed in accordance with previous scientific research results considering the epizootiological situation, immune status and age of animals. Only vaccination against CSF is still obligatory and is carried out by an attenuated C viral strain twice yearly in boars, in sows and gilts prior to mating and at two months of age in piglets. The same programme is proposed against AD when sows, gilts and boars are considered. On the other hand, piglets may be vaccinated in the period of 3, 5 or 7 weeks of age, depending on their origin (from vaccinated or non-vaccinated sows). Vaccination against Swine Parvovirosis is carried out in sows 2 weeks, in gilts 6 and 2 weeks prior to mating and in boars twice yearly. Vaccination against PRRS is only recently and seldomly carried out in sows and gilts before and 60 to 70 days after mating. The programme includes vaccination in big breeding farms with an inactivated vaccine strain P120. The most applied vaccination programme against bacterial diseases is against the Swine Erysipelas, especially in pregnant sows and gilts. Vaccination against other bacterial diseases among other, depends on the viral disease vaccination programme. The efficacy of vaccination is controlled by serological monitoring.

infectious diseases; vaccination; pigs

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