engleski

Croatia.

CROATIA Ivan Mirnik Many topics have been discussed in various articles in Croatia since the publication of the last Survey (2). Thus for instance Renaissance medals made for Istria (1, 4, 65) and Dalmatia under the Serenissima (1, 65) and also during the Napoleonic occupation (1, 63). In the foundation of a village school at Veliki Raven a coin deposit was undug and one of the items was the 1849 Rabausch silver medal of Baron Josip Jelačić, ban of Croatia, Slavonia and Dalmatia (3, 12, 13). In the second half of the 19th c. there were two engravers in Zagreb: Franjo Kares from Moravia (10) and later Josip Radković (8, 9), who struck some good medals and tokens. Our knowledge about their lives and careers is still limited. The medal struck on the occasion of the opening of the second University of Zagreb as the Croatian Franz Joseph University and the insigina of the same university have also been studied in detail (7, 11, 14) It has frequently been pointed out that there were three major Croatian medallists (and sculptors as well) who began their oeuvre in the style called Art Nouveau, Jugendstil or Sezession: Rudolf Valdec (22), Robert Frangeš-Mihanović and partily Ivo Kerdić (30, 31). The last also made designs for money (57, 59, 60). The first medals by Ivan Meštrović (28) too bear the same characteristics. In Zagreb in the first half and partly in the second half of the 20th c. some other sculptors modelled medals: Grga Antunac (24), Antun Augustinčić (25), Frano Cota (32), Robert Jean-Ivanović (23), Rudolf Spiegler (33). It has been an important task of the Glyptotheque of the Croatian Academy of Science and Arts in Zagreb to present their scuplture and medals at various retrospective exhibitions. Contemporary medals and plaquettes and small sculpture can seen at the Ivo Kerdić Memorial, regularly held in Osijek and Zagreb, also at the above mentioned Glyptotheque. Some Croatian artists have presented their medals at the latest exhibitions of the FIDEM (Fédération internationale de la médaille) (67-68). Medals by the representatives of the older, sligthly decimated generation of masters of the medal have been studied by various authors, thus for instance medals by Kosta Angeli-Radovani (19), Šimo Klaić (17) and Vladimir Mataušić (20). Kosta Angeli Radovani, a major Croatian sculptor and medallist died in Zagreb on 28 February 2002 aged 86. He was born in London on 6 October 1916 as the son of the painter, engraver, cartoonist, poet, playwright and translator Frano Branko Angeli Radovani. Kosta Angeli Radovani is the author of many public monuments, portraits, medals as well as prints. Alone, he exhibited almost sixty times both at home and abroad and in the last sixty years took part in more than six hundred exhibitions, out of which almost fifty were international or more significant. One of his biggest retrospective exhibitions was held in 1999 in Zagreb at the Ivan Meštrović Pavillion and most of his medals were shown on this occasion. His last public appearance, alas in a wheel-chair, took place at the opening of this exibition. Želimir Janeš, the most active and innovating Croatian medallist since Kerdić, died in Zagreb on 21 January 1996. A particularly interesting discovery has been the medallic oeuvre of Vladimir Marenić (1931 - 1969), a gifted one-armed artist whose life was a short and tragic one and his death more than mysterious. His medals and plaquettes are all cast and radiate with strength. (16). There are also several contemporary artists of the younger generation, such as Stjepan Divković (29), Đurđica Kovačiček (21a), Maja Krstić-Lukač (18), and Damir Mataušić (24), to mention only a few, who have produced fine medals. Some of saints' medals have also been dealt with, particularly those associated with the Madonna of Trsat (Tersatto) and the Miraculous Crucifix in Rijeka (34 - later the author also published a book on the same topic). Saints' medals are sometimes found in course of archaeological excavations (34). Some authors have specialized in orders and decorations, both Croatian and foreign (39-53). One of the most renowned collectors of such orders was the late Veljko Malinar, a judge by profession, whose big collection was bequeathed to the Museum of Croatian History (52, 55), together with all the entire documentation. Some of his manuscripts have been published posthumously (46-50). Tokens, both local and from other countries, have also been published (36-38). There are collections of medals in most of Croatian museums, but there are many private collectors. The major collection owned by a museum it the Numismatic Collection Zagreb Archaeological Museum (formed as the Numismatic Department of the former Croatian National Museum, founded in 1836) (58-64). Other major collections are kept at the Glyptotheque of the Croatian Academy of Science and Arts, the Museum of Croatian History and Modern Gallery (the Dragutin Mandl Collection), all in Zagreb. The biggest private medal collections of the second hald of the 20th century in Croatia were the Dragutin Mandl and Berislav Kopač (1928-2000) collections - the first was bought for the Modern Gallery in Zagreb in the sixties, and the second one presented by Ana Kopač, the widow of its owner, to the Zagreb Archaeological Museum in 2001. There are some medals on display in the permanent numismatic exhibition of the Zagreb Archaeological Museum, but from time to time its material is shown within the frame of various exhibitions organized by other institutions, thus for instance medals commemorating the 1699 Karlovci Peace Treaty (64) and Croatian historicistic medals (15). In the neighbouring Slovenia the major event in connection with the art of medal was the exhibition of the oeuvre of the great Slovene medallist Vladimir Štoviček held in Brežice in 1998 (67). SELECTED BIBLIOGRAPHY ABBREVIATIONS NV - Numizmatičke vijesti (Zagreb) General 1. MIRNIK, I., Umjetnost medalje u priobalnoj Hrvatskoj od 15. stoljeća do 1818. (Summary:) The art of medal in littoral Croatia between 15th c. and 1818, Petriciolijev Zbornik, II (=Prilozi povijesti umjetnosti u Dalmaciji, 36, 1995) (Split 1996), pp. 361-381. 2. MIRNIK, I., Medaillen. Hrvatska/Kroatien/Croatia, A Survey of Numismatic Research 1990-1995, (Berlin 1997), pp. 695-697. 3. MIRNIK, I., Croatia, The Medal, 34, 1999, str. 124. (* Otkup Radauševih medalja i otkriće u Ravnu) Renaissance 4. PAOLETTI, G., La medaglia rinascimentale in Istria. Sažetak: Renesansna medalja u Istri. Povzetek: Renesansna medalja v Istri, Centro di ricerche storiche - Rovigno. Atti, 26 (Rovinj 1996), pp. 429-436. 17th c. medals 5. FRANGIPANE, D. and MIRNIK, I., The medals of the Frangipane, The Medal, 38 (2001), pp. 23-24. 6. FRANGIPANE, D. and MIRNIK, I., Frankapanske medalje. (Summary:) The medals of the Frangipane, Peristil (Zagreb), 44 (2001), pp. 17-32. 19th c. Croatian medal 7. MIRNIK, I., Spomen-plaketa (sic!) u povodu otvorenja Kraljevskog sveučilišta Franje Josipa I. u Zagrebu. [Medal struck on the occasion of the opening of the Royal Franz Joseph University in Zagreb], Znanost u Hrvata, str. prirodoslovlje i njegova primjena. Centuries of Natural Science in Croatia, str. Theory and Application, vol. I, (Zagreb 1996), p. 348. 8. MIRNIK, I., Josip Radković, Zagreb's second engraver, The Medal, 33, (1998), pp. 73-80. 9. MIRNIK, I., Josip Radković, prilog životopisu. Summary: Josip Radković, a contribution to his biography, NV, 40 (1998), No. 51, pp. 83-88. 10. MIRNIK, I., Franjo M. Kares, prvi zagrebački medaljer. Zusammenfassung: Franjo M. Kares, der erste Medailleur in Zagreb, Tkalčić, 2 (Zagreb 1998), pp. 235-254. 11. MIRNIK, I., The insignia of the Zagreb University, The Medal, 35, (1999), pp. 44-55. 12. MIRNIK, I., Ein interessanter Grundsteinfund in Raven (Kroatien), Geldgeschichtliche Nachrichten 34, (Frankfurt am Main 1999), No. 193, pp. 317-318. 13. MIRNIK, I., Vrijedno numizmatičko otkriće u Ravnu kod Križevaca. Summary: An interesting foundation deposit at Raven, NV, 41 (1999), No. 55, pp. 110-115. 14. MIRNIK, I., Insignije Sveučilišta u Zagrebu. (Summary:) Insignia of the University of Zagreb, Sveučilišni vjesnik. Universitatis zagrabiensis informationes, 45 (Zagreb 1999), No. 3-4, pp. 97-134. 15. MIRNIK, I., Historicistička medalja u Hrvatskoj [Historicistic medal in Croatia], Historicizam u Hrvatskoj [Historicism in Croatia], vol. I, (Zagreb 2000), pp. 290-297 ; vol. II, pp. 602-609, Nos. 382-609. 20th c. Croatian medal 16. KARLOVČAN-SUBIĆ, M., Vladimir Marenić (20 VI.1931. - 28.V. 1969), (Nova Gradiška 2000). 17. KRASNOV, G., Harmoničan sklad i pjesničko poigravanje u medaljerstvu Šime Klaića. Summary: Harmony and poetry in the medals of Šimo Klaić. NV, 38 (1987), No. 49, pp. 31-36. 18. KRASNOV, G. Žene medaljeri. Simfonija u metalu (u medaljerstvu) Maje Krstić-Lukač. Summary: Symphony in metal by Maja Krstić-Lukač. NV, 38 (1987), No. 49, pp. 37-41. 19. KRASNOV, G., Mozaik razmatranja o medalji Koste Angeli Radovanija (prigodom 80. obljetnice života, 6.10.1916. London - 1996. Zagreb). Summary: Reflections about the medalist Kosta Angeli Radovani, NV, 39 (1997), No. 50, pp. 166-179. 20. KRASNOV, G., Numizmatička djelatnost Zlatka Tudjine u dijaspori. Summary: Numismatic activities of Zlatko Tudjina in the Diaspora, NV, 40 (1998), No. 51, pp. 115-120. 21. KRASNOV, G., 50 godina uz graverski pribor - Vladimir Mataušić, umjetnički graver. Summary: Fifty years with tools of an engraver - Vladimir Mataušić, NV, 40 (1998), No. 50, pp. 126-127. 21a. KRASNOV, G., Latica u cvijetu hrvatskog medaljerstva - Đurđica Kovačiček. Obol, 38 (Zagreb 2000), No. 52, pp. 24-27. 22. MAŽURAN-SUBOTIĆ, V., Masonska plaketa Rudolfa Valdeca. Summary: A masonic plaque by Rudolf Valdec, NV, 39 (1997), No. 50, pp. 152-153. 23. MAŽURAN-SUBOTIĆ, V., Robert Jean-Ivanović, (Zagreb 1999). 24. MAŽURAN-SUBOTIĆ, V., Grga Antunac, (Zagreb 2001). 25. MAŽURAN-SUBOTIĆ, V., Medaljistika Antuna Augustinčića. Summary: Antun Augustinčić as medalist, Anali Galerije Antuna Augustinčića, 15, 1995 (Klanjec 2001), pp. 53-61. 26. MESINGER, B., Medaljer Damir Mataušić, (Varaždin - Zagreb 1998). 27. MESINGER, Bogdan. Sedmi Memorijal Ive Kerdića. Triennale hrvatskog medaljerstva i male plastike[The Seventh Ivo Kerdić Memorial. Triennale of Croatian medals and small sculpture]. (Osijek, 2001). 28. MIRNIK, I., Medals by Ivan Meštrović, The Medal, 30, (1997), pp. 65-78. 29. MIRNIK, I., Religious medals by Stjepan Divković, The Medal, 34, (1999), pp. 82-86. 30. MIRNIK, I., A medal from the bottom of the river Sava, The Medal, 39 (2001), pp. 47-50. 31. PRISTER, B., Portreti na Kerdićevim medaljama [Portraits on medals by Kerdić]. Obol, 38 (Zagreb 2000), No. 52, pp. 3-10. 32. ROJE DEPOLO, L., Medaljerstvo Frana Cote. Summary: Medals by Frano Cota, NV, 39 (1997), No. 50, pp. 154-160. 33. VUKADIN-DORONJGA, H., Medalje i plakete iz ostavštine kipara Rudolfa Spieglera u Muzeju grada Zagreba. Summary: Medals and plaques from Rudolf Spiegler's donation in the City Museum of Zagreb, NV, 42 (2000), No. 53, pp. 208-217. Saints' medals 34. DOBRINIĆ, J., Tipologija riječkih i trsatsko-riječkim zavjetnih medaljica. Summary: Types of Rijeka and Trsat-Rijeka votive medals, NV, 41 (1999), No. 52, pp. 199-214. 35. MIMICA, B., Nalazi novca iz Jurandvora i otoka Krka s osvrtom na optjecaj novca u vrijeme nastanka Bašćanske ploče. Summary: Finds of coins from jrandvor and the island of Krk with reference to money circulation at the time when the Baška Tablet was made, NV, 42 (2002), No. 53, pp. 46-62. Tokens 36. BAZDAN, Z., Žetoni - međunarodni i nacionalni vrijednosni supstituti i novčani surogati. Case study: žetoni "Šarić" - Metković. Summary: Tokens - an international and national substitute for money. Case study: Šarić tokens - Metković, NV, 42 (2000), No. 53., pp. 151-160. 37. DOBRINIĆ, J., Žetoni komunalnog prijevoznika "Autorelej" iz Rijeke. Summary: Tokens of Autorelej, the public transport company in Rijeka, NV, 42 (2000), No. 53, pp. 161-165. 38. KRASNOV, G., Žetoni kao sredstvo plaćanja u Hrvatskoj i susjednim zemljama. Iz zbirke Gjure Krasnova [Tokens as means of payment in Croatia and neighbouring countries. From the Gjuro Krasnov Collection], (Zagreb 1999). Orders 39. BEŠTAK, B., Znak crvenog križa na odlikovanjima (dva su Hrvata imala znak Crvenog križa u svom grbu). Summary: The Symbol od Red Cross on decorations, NV, 38 (1996), 49, pp. 98-116. 40. BEŠTAK, B., Švedski orden Jehove. Summary: The Swedish Order of Jehova, NV, 39 (1997), No. 50, pp. 192-193. 41. BEŠTAK, B., Medalja Florence Nightingale. Summary: The Florence Nightingale Medal, NV, 40 (1998), No. 51, pp. 94-109. 42. BEŠTAK, B., Nova odlikovanja i priznanja Hrvatskog Crvenog križa. Summary: new medals and commendations of the Croatian red Cross, NV, 41/1999, 52, str. 223-221. 43. BEŠTAK, B., Odlikovanja republike Bosne i Hercegovine. Summary: Decroations of the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina, NV, 42 (2000), No. 53, pp. 195-207. 44. BEŠTAK, B., Odličja i priznanja Hrvatskog liječničkog zbora [Decorations and awards of the Croatian Medical Association], Obol, 38 (Zagreb, 2000), No. 52, pp. 11-23. 45. KRASNOV, G., Kronologija evolucijskog stvaranja odlikovanja Republike Hrvatske. Summary: The chronological evolution of decorations conferred by the Republic of Croatia. NV, 38 (1987), No. 49, pp. 42-88 46. MALINAR, V., Odlikovanja "Nezavisne države Hrvatske". Vojnički red željeznog trolista. Summary: Decorations of the Independent State of Croatia. Military Order of the Iron Trefoil, NV, 36 (1996), No. 47, pp. 115-127. 47. MALINAR, V., Odlikovanja "Nezavisne Države Hrvatske". Red za zasluge, NV, 39/1997, 50, str. 199-212. 48. MALINAR, V., Odlikovanja Nezavisne Države Hrvatske. Red za zasluge (II. dio), NV, 40 (1998), No. 51, pp. 173-191. 49. MALINAR, V., Ranjenička kolajna. Summary: Medal for war wounds, NV, 41 (1999), No. 52, pp. 215-222. 50. MALINAR, V., Odlikovanja Nezavisne Države Hrvatske. Spomen-znak na uspostavu Nezavisne Države Hrvatske. Summary: Decorations of the Independent State of Croatia. Memorial medal for the establishment of the Independent State of Croatia, NV, 42 (2000), No. 53, pp. 182-194. 51. PRISTER, B., Originali, duplikati, kopije i falsifikati odlikovanja. Summary: Originals, duplicates, copies and forgeries of decorations, NV, 38 (1996), No. 49, pp. 89-97. 52. PRISTER, B., Odlikovanja Nezavisne Države Hrvatske iz zbirke dr. Veljka Malinara [Orders of the Independent State of Croatia from the Dr. Veljko Malinar Collection], (Zagreb 1999). 53. PRISTER, B., Spomen-znak "Družtva hrvatskih domobranaca za oslobođenje Međimurja 1918/19." Summary: Memorial-medal of the Society of the Croatian Home Guard for the Liberation od Međimurje 1918/19, NV, 39 (1997), No. 50, pp. 194-198. 54. PRISTER, B., Spomen medalja "Vukovar". Summary: The Vukovar memorial medal, NV, 40 (1998), No. 51, pp. 110-114. 55. PRISTER, B., Odlikovanja iz zbirke dr. Veljka Malinara. III. dio. Crne Gore, Srbije, Kraljevine SHS (Kraljevine Jugoslovije) i Socijalističke Jugoslavije) [Orders from the Dr. Veljko Malinar Collection. Part III. Montenegro, Serbia The Kngdom of the Serbs, Croats and Slovenes (Kingdom of Yugoslavia) and Socijalist Yugoslavia], (Zagreb 2000). 56. PRISTER, B., Vojne nagradne medalje 18. stoljeća u Rusiji. Summary: Eighteenth century military campaign medals in Russia, NV, 42 (2000), No. 53, pp. 166-181. Coin design 57. FABRY, E., Nepoznati Kerdićevi crteži-predlošci za novac Nezavisne Države Hrvatske 1941-1945. Summary: Unknown drawings by Kerdić - deigns for coins of the Independent State of Croatia 1941-1945, NV, 41 (1999), No. 52, pp. 160-179. 58. KRASNOV, G., Predlošci za novac i medalje Damira Mataušića. Summary: Damir Mataušić's designs for coins and medals, NV, 40 (1998), No. 50, pp. 121-126. 59. MAŽURAN-SUBOTIĆ, V., Uz Kerdićeve predloške za novac Nezavisne Države Hrvatske. Summary: Kerdić's coin designs for the Intependent State of Croatia, NV, 39 (1997), No. 50, pp. 161-165. 60. MAŽURAN-SUBOTIĆ, V., Prijedlozi Ive Kerdića za novac kraljevine Jugoslavije 1937. godine (narudžba i sudjelovanje na natječaju). Summary: Ivo Kerdić's proposals for coins in the kingdom of Yugoslavia in 1937 (commissions and competition entries), NV, 30 (1998), No. 51, pp. 89-93. Collections 61. MIRNIK, I., Talijanske medalje [Italian medals], Muzeopis... 1846-1996, (Zagreb 1996), pp. 143-145, Nos. 227-236. 62. MIRNIK, I., Johann Franz Neidinger and the Barbarigo Medals, The Medal, 28 (1996), pp. 71-83. 63. MIRNIK, I., Napoleonic medals in the Zagreb Archaeological Museum. La tradizione classica nella medaglia d'arte dal Rinascimento al Neoclassico, Atti del convegno internazionale, Castello di Udine, 23-24 ottobre 1997, Civici Musei e Gallerie di Storia e Arte, Udine, (Trieste 1999), pp. 151-161. 64. MIRNIK, I., Slike mira [The images of peace], Oživljena Hrvatska u vrijeme Karlovačkog mira 1699 [Revived Croatia in the times of the peace treaty of Karlovitz], (Zagreb 1999), pp. 46 ; 49-51, 146-156 ; 52-53, 159-163 ; 66-67, 226 ; 70 ; 75-76, 281-291. 65. VOLTOLINA, P., La storia di Venezia attraverso le medaglie, vols. I-III, (Venezia-Mestre 1998). Conventions 66. MIRNIK, I., Znanstveni skup "La tradizione classica nella medaglia d'arte dal Rinascimento al Neoclassicismo", Udine 1997, NV, 40 (1998), No. 51, pp. 207-208. Exhibitions 67. MAŽURAN-SUBOTIĆ, V., Croatie. 25e FIDEM 1996. Exposition internationale de médailles d'art contemporaines. Musés d'art et d'histoire de Neuchâtel, 13 juin-20 octobre 1996, (Neuchâtel 1996), pp. 45-48. 68. MAŽURAN-SUBOTIĆ, V., Croatia. Modern Art Medals. A Retrospective- FIDEM XXVI. Rijskmuseum Het Koninglijk Penningkabinet Leiden. Museum Beelden aan Zee Scheveningen (Leiden 1998), pp. 81-84. 69. MIRNIK, I., Vladimir Štoviček by Špelca Čopič and Jožica Vrtačnik Lorber. Brežice (Slovenia), str. Posavski muzej Brežice, 1998. ISBN 961 90228 1 5. 145 pp, The Medal, 34 (1999), p. 110.

medals, plaquettes, coins, Croatia

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