engleski

Craniofacial Anthropometric Analysis in Down's Syndrome Patients

Past investigations of Down's Syndrome (DS) have indicated that there are marked abnormalities in the craniofacial morphology. The aim of this study was to establish the craniofacial anthropometric variables which discriminates DS group from healthy population and also to observe the changes occurring with growth. Using noninvasive method of craniofacial anthropometry, the craniofacial pattern profile (CFPP) analysis (from twenty-five anthropometric measurements per person) was performed in 104 DS individuals and 365 healthy controls, aged seven to fifty-seven and divided into four age ranges. Z-scores were calculated for each variable and the variations in the craniofacial region have been identified by multivariate discriminative analysis. The results showed that three variable (head length (g-po), head circumference (OFC) and outer canthal distance (ex-ex)) were responsible for 85.68% variability (p&#8249 ; ; 0.001). The analysis of z-scores showed that the majority of variables were in subnormal (under &#8211 ; ; 2SD) and normal range (from &#8211 ; ; 2SD to +2SD), but none of them was in the supernormal range (over the +2SD). Some craniofacial characteristics are age-related. On the basis of craniofacial anthropometric traits it was possible to separate even 91.35% of DS patients from the healthy populations. It could be concluded that these findings demonstrate the usefulness of application of CFPP in difining abnormal craniofacial dimensions in DS individuals.

Down syndrome; pattern profile analysis; craniofacial measurements

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