engleski

Gene Polymorphisms Associated With Increased Hypervigilance in Temporomandibular Disorders Patients

Objectives: Temporomandibular disorders(TMD) are chronic conditions of unknown etiology. Genetic factors have been increasingly proposed as risk factors in the ethipatogenesis of TMDs, which are often associated with certain psychological characteristics. One of them is hypervigilance, a state of powerful and unpleasant increased alertness, manifested as a state of high amplification of typical somatic experience. The aim was to investigate association of certain genetic polymorphisms(SNPs) with hypervigilance and sensitivity in TMD patients. Methods: Study included 108 subjects(59 TMDs and 49 controls). After establishment of the initial diagnosis of TMD according to DC/TMD, swabs of buccal mucosa were taken from all subjects. Genomic DNA was extracted by a previously established method. Polymorphisms in two genes, opiorphin(OPRPN, rs1387964) and fatty acid amide hydrolase(FAAH, rs932816) were genotyped by the TaqMan SNP Genotyping method. The Brief Hypervigilance Scale(BHS) and Somatosensory Amplification Scale(SSAS) were completed by all subjects. Kruskal–Wallis test and Mann-Whitney U test were used for data analysis. Results: Genotypes rs1387964: a) total: TT 61%, CC 6.5%, TC 32.5% ; b) TMD: TT 65.5%, CC 7%, TC 27.5% ; c) healthy subjects: TT 55.1%, CC 6.1%, TC 38.8%. BHS and SSAS scores were generally lowest in the CC group and highest in the TC group. In the TMD group, heterozygotes with the TC genotype had statistically significantly higher hypervigilance when compared to homozygous patients (TT=3.21, CC=2.5, TC=6.75 ; Kruskal-Wallis H(2)=9.43, p=0.0089). Genotypes rs932816: a) total: GG 57.4%, AA 7.4%, GA 35.2% ; b) TMD: GG 61.2%, AA 8.3%, GA 30.5% ; c) healthy subjects: GG 50%, AA 5.6%, GA 44.4%. Homozygotes carrying two A-allels generally presented higher BHS and SSAS scores, when compared to patients carrying the other two genotypes. TMD patients, AA homozygotes, presented significantly higher BHS scores when compared to patients carrying the two other genotypes (GG=5.09, AA=8, GA=1.9 ; Kruskal-Wallis H(2)=7.63, p=0.022). Conclusions: Specific polymorphisms in the OPRPN and FAAH genes are significantly associated with the score of the hypervigilant state, in TMD patients. Our results indicate a strong connection between specific genetic background and variables related to psychological aspects of the chronic TMD.

Gene Polymorphisms, Genotyping, Temporomandibular Disorders, Hypervigilance

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