engleski

Achievements in breeding small grains at the Bc Institute, Zagreb

At the Bc Institute, the breeding and genetics of new wheat varieties had three aimes, the creation of a scientific research program for establishing an ideotype for wheat varieties, breeding, and building and equipping a newly formed scientific organization at Botinec. The breeding work was in three phases: Breeding phase one 1947-56. The following varieties were released during this period: Vuka, Mura, Kupa, and Zagorka. Compared to the older varieties UI and Prolific, the new cultivars were shorter, had better lodging resistance, improved resistance to P. graminis tritici, a higher yield potential, and production stability. Breeding phase two 1956-1964. During this period, a new model for wheat varieties was designed based on the following morphological and physiological criteria: early type winter wheats, short or semidwarf growth habit that are resistant to lodging, and a production of 700-750 spikes/m2. These wheats were to be resistant to P. graminis tritici and P. triticina and have improved quality. Varieties registered during this period include Zlatna Dolina and Sanja. Breeding phase three 1965-present. At the start, we breed for varieties similar to Zlatna Dolina, but that are shorter, with improved resistance to lodging, an increase in harvest index, improved flour and grain quality, high-yielding, and resistant or tolerant to powdery mildew, stem and leaf rust, Fusarium, and Septoria. Varieties released during this period include Super Zlatna, Baranjka, Nova Zlatna, Nova Marijana, Zlatoklasa, Moslavka, Miljenka, Dika, Vučedolka, Lonja, Požežanka, Korana, Podravka, Đakovčanka, and Sana.

small grains; breeding; varietes

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