engleski

The diversity of Medvednica mountain springs (Croatia)

Medvednica mountain is located in central Croatia, north of the capital Zagreb. Its diverse (hydro-) geological, hydrological and geomorphological characteristics have produced a large number and variety of water springs. The research of springs on the southern slopes of Medvednica mountain began in 2019 and is ongoing. Field work consists of identifying springs, mapping and measuring hydrological characteristics in the field. So far, more than 500 springs have been discovered, mainly in the western and central parts of the research area. Discharge has been measured at most of the discovered springs, as well as electrical conductivity (EC), temperature, and pH of the spring water. Although the measurements were made at different times of the year at different springs, it is safe to say that they show a wide variety of measured characteristics. The measured spring discharges range from the 8th category according to Meinzer (< 0.01 L/s) to the 5th category (1 - 10 L/s), with most springs falling into the 7th category (0.01 - 0.1 L/s). Almost 85% of the measured spring water temperatures are in the range of 7 °C to 13 °C, while the measured extreme values are 4.1 °C and 18.5 °C. The measured values of EC show significant differences among the springs. The highest measured value of EC was 1358 μS/cm, while the lowest value was 41 μS/cm. The differences in the characteristics of the spring water are the result of numerous factors, such as differences in the lithology of aquifers, the residence time of the groundwater, climatic differences within the research area, the proximity of anthropogenic pressures, etc.

Spring hydrology, Medvednica mountain, water quality

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