engleski

Hypoglycemia during exercise in children and adolescents with type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM)

Hypoglycemia during exercise in children and adolescents with type I diabetes mellitus Matković B1, Majer M2, Cigrovski Berkovic M3, Petričević Vidović T1 1Teaching Institute of Public Health Dr. Andrija Štampar, Department of School and Adolescent Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia 2University of Zagreb, School of Medicine, Andrija Štampar School of Public Health, Zagreb, Croatia 3University of Zagreb, Faculty of Kinesology, Zagreb, Croatia, KB Dubrava, Zagreb, Croatia Recently, there is increase of 2- 5% in prevalence of Diabetes mellitus type I (T1DM) worldwide, among adults, and children and adolescents. Besides insulin therapy, nutrition and exercise are important component of treatment. Recent studies suggest that regular physical activity reduces glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), improves cardiovascular health, lipid profile, and psychosocial well-being of children and adolescents with T1DM. During the physical exercise in children and adolescents with T1DM, wide glycemic abnormalities usually occur, which can increase the risk of severe hypoglycemia. In addition, children and adolescents with T1DM have altered antiregulatory hormonal responses, which may further increase the risk of exercise-related hypoglycemia even a few hours after exercise. Hypoglycemia and fear of hypoglycemia limit optimal glycemic control by physical activity in many children and adolescents with T1DM. Fear of hypoglycemia remains a major barrier to achieving the recommended level of physical activity in children and adolescents with T1DM, but can be alleviated by well-defined recommendations for exercise, maintaining normal glucose levels, improved insulin regimens, and educational programs and information. Glycemic management during exercise is facilitated by the availability and use of Continuous Glucose Monitoring (CGM) technology. The most common CGM systems measure glucose in interstitial fluid, providing real-time glucose sensor data (rtCGM) and triggering alerts for hypo and hyperglycemia. Education of children and adolescents and their parents about importance of physical activity in treatment of T1DM, and avoidance, detection, and management of hypoglycemia should be the crucial part of intervention of endocrinologist, pediatricians, and school health service in order to improve their glycemic control, and quality of life.

diabetes mellitus type I, children, adolescents, hypoglycemia, physical activity

nije evidentirano