engleski

The increasing trend of overweight and obesity among HIV patients in Croatia from 2016 to 2020

Objective: To describe the trend in prevalence of overweight and obesity in HIV-positive persons in Croatia, from 2016 to 2020. Methods: Included into the analysis were adults (≥18 years) who had at least one measurement of weight and height in the period 2016 to 2020. Body mass index (BMI) categories were: underweight (<18.5 kg/m2), normal (18.5–24.9 kg/m2), overweight (25.0–29.9 kg/m2), and obese (≥30.0 kg/m2). Results are frequencies and percentages or median with first and third quartiles (Q1–Q3). The follow-up ended on 31st December 2020 or earlier at last encounter. Results: A total of 1373 HIV-positive persons were included. At last follow-up median age was 43.9 (36.4-52.7) years, 90.2% were males and 75.0% were men who have sex with men. Antiretroviral therapy was used by 99.2% (1362/1373), 93.3% had an undetectable viral load (<50 c/mL), the median CD4+ cell count was 671.0/mm3 (485-890). The median BMI at last follow-up was 25.6 (23.3-28.8) kg/m2, 63.7% (874/1373) were current or former smokers, 48.2% (662/1373) had prediabetes, 7.0% (96/1373) had diabetes and 54.3% (n=745) had hypertension. The median duration of known HIV- infection was 7.4 (3.7-13.2) years and the median duration of antiretroviral therapy was 5.8 (2.9- 10.5) years. Of 1373 patients, 205 (14.9%, 95%CI, 13.1-16.9) were obese, 780 (56.8%, 95%CI, 54.2- 59.4) were overweight (including obese), 25 (1.8%, 95%CI, 1.2-2.7) underweight, and 568 (41.4%, 95% CI, 38.8-44.0) were normal weight patients at last measurement. The prevalence of obesity and of overweight (including obesity) was 9.9% (95%CI, 8.1-12.0%) and 50.2% (95%CI, 47.0-53.3%) in 2016, and 14.3% (95%CI, 12-5-16.7) and 57.5% (95%CI, 54.6-60.5%) in 2020 respectively. The annual percent change for obesity was 9.5 (95%CI, 3.8- 15.5) and for overweight 3.7 (95%CI, 1.8-5.5). Conclusion: There was an increasing trend in the prevalence of obesity and overweight in the period 2016 to 2020.

Overweight ; obesity ; HIV patients ; Croatia

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